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Thermal entrance length : ウィキペディア英語版
Thermal entrance length

The thermal entrance length ''Leh'' is used to outline the boundary between the fully developed heat flow and the non-fully developed heat flow in a heated/cooled pipe flow of a fluid.
==Overview==
A fully developed heat flow in a pipe can be considered in the following situation. If the tube wall of the pipe is constantly heated or cooled so the heat flux from the wall to the fluid via convection is a fixed value, then the bulk temperature of the fluid increases steadily at a fixed rate along the flow direction. An example can be a pipe covered entirely by an electrical heating pad, and the flow is introduced after a uniform heat flux from the pad is achieved. At a distance away from the entrance of the fluid, the fully developed heat flow is achieved when the heat transfer coefficient of the fluid becomes constant, and the temperature profile has the same shape along the flow.〔Mills, A. F.(1999)''Heat Transfer''. 2nd Ed. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey〕 This distance is defined as the thermal entrance length, which is important for engineers to design efficient heat transfer processes.

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